A fluid-filled sac that forms in an ovary is called an ovarian cyst. These cysts are highly prevalent and typically symptomless, with most disappearing spontaneously within a few months without medical intervention. They are often incidentally found during routine ultrasounds, particularly in women aged 15 to 44.
Ovarian cysts can be benign or malignant. Benign cysts include:
Malignant cysts are ovarian tumors that require medical evaluation. Each type has distinct causes and implications, necessitating specific diagnosis and management. Below are some warning signs of an ovarian cyst, explained by Dr. Ramya KS, Consultant – Obstetrics, Gynecology & Laparoscopic Surgeon, Rainbow Hospital, Bannerghatta.
Ovarian cysts vary in severity based on type and symptoms. Simple cysts often resolve on their own, while endometriotic and dermoid cysts require close monitoring. Immediate medical attention is essential if a cyst grows rapidly, causes severe pain, or leads to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or elevated tumor markers, which may indicate serious complications such as rupture or infection.
Surgery is recommended for cysts larger than 5 cm, those causing symptoms or elevated tumor markers, complex cysts, infertility-related cases, persistent issues unresponsive to treatment, or suspected malignancies. Laparoscopic surgery is typically preferred for minimal scarring and faster recovery, although open surgery may be necessary in some cases. Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial for effective management and to prevent complications.
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